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Chapter 55

Sahih Muslim — The Book of Commentary on the Qur'an

Read the narrations, translations and available source grading.

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0
Introduction
كتاب مُقَدِّمَةٌ
1
The Book of Faith
كتاب الْإِيمَانِ
2
The Book of Purification
كتاب الطَّهَارَةِ
3
The Book of Menstruation
كتاب الْحَيْضِ
4
The Book of Prayers
كتاب الصَّلَاةِ
5
The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer
كتاب الْمَسَاجِدِ وَمَوَاضِعِ الصَّلَاة
6
The Book of Prayer - Travellers
كتاب صَلَاةِ الْمُسَافِرِينَ وَقَصْرِهَا
7
The Book Of the Merit Of The Holy Quran
کتاب فَضَائِلِ الْقُرْآنِ وَمَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ
8
The Book of Prayer - Friday
كتاب الْجُمُعَةِ
9
The Book of Prayer - Two Eids
كتاب صَلَاةِ الْعِيدَيْنِ
10
The Book of Prayer - Rain
كتاب صَلَاةِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ
11
The Book of Prayer - Eclipses
كتاب الْكُسُوفِ
12
The Book of Prayer - Funerals
كتاب الْجَنَائِزِ
13
The Book of Zakat
كتاب الزَّكَاةِ
14
The Book of Fasting
كتاب الصِّيَامِ
15
The Book of I'tikaaf
كتاب الِاعْتِكَافِ
16
The Book of Pilgrimage
كتاب الْحَجِّ
17
The Book of Marriage
كتاب النِّكَاحِ
18
The Book of Suckling
كتاب الرِّضَاعِ
19
The Book of Divorce
كتاب الطَّلَاقِ
20
The Book of Invoking Curses
كتاب اللِّعَانِ
21
The Book of Emancipating Slaves
كتاب الْعِتْقِ
22
The Book of Transactions
كتاب الْبُيُوعِ
23
The Book Of Musaqah
كتاب الْمُسَاقَاةِ
24
The Book Of The Rules Of Inheritance
كتاب الْفَرَائِضِ
25
The Book Of Gifts
كتاب الْهِبَاتِ
26
The Book Of Wills
كتاب الْوَصِيَّةِ
27
The Book Of Vows
كتاب النَّذْرِ
28
The Book Of Oaths
كتاب الْأَيْمَانِ
29
The Book of Oaths, Muharibin, Qasas (Retaliation), and Diyat (Blood Money)
كتاب الْقَسَامَةِ وَالْمُحَارِبِينَ وَالْقِصَاصِ وَالدِّيَاتِ
30
The Book Of Legal Punishments
كتاب الْحُدُودِ
31
The Book Of Judicial Decisions
كتاب الْأَقْضِيَةِ
32
The Book Of Lost Property
كتاب اللُّقَطَةِ
33
The Book Of Jihad And Expeditions
كتاب الْجِهَادِ وَالسِّيَرِ
34
The Book of Government
كتاب الْإِمَارَةِ
35
The Book of Hunting , Slaughter and what may be Eaten
كتاب الصَّيْدِ وَالذَّبَائِحِ وَمَا يُؤْكَلُ مِنْ الْحَيَوَانِ
36
The Book of Sacrifices
كتاب الْأَضَاحِيِّ
37
The Book of Drink
كتاب الْأَشْرِبَةِ
38
The Book of Clothes and Adornment
كتاب اللِّبَاسِ وَالزِّينَةِ
39
The Book of Manners and Etiquette
كتاب الْآدَابِ
40
The Book of Greetings
كتاب السَّلَامِ
41
The Book Concerning the use of Correct Words
كتاب الْأَلْفَاظِ مِنْ الْأَدَبِ وَغَيْرِهَا
42
The Book of Poetry
كتاب الشِّعْرِ
43
The Book of Dreams
كتاب الرُّؤْيَا
44
The Book of Virtues
كتاب الْفَضَائِلِ
45
The Book of the Merits of the Companions
كتاب فَضَائِلِ الصَّحَابَةِ
46
The Book of Virtue, Enjoining Good Manners, and Joining of the Ties of Kinship
كتاب الْبِرِّ وَالصِّلَةِ وَالْآدَابِ
47
The Book of Destiny
كتاب الْقَدَرِ
48
The Book of Knowledge
كتاب الْعِلْمِ
49
The Book Pertaining to the Remembrance of Allah, Supplication, Repentance and Seeking Forgiveness
كتاب الذِّكْرِ وَالدُّعَاءِ وَالتَّوْبَةِ وَالِاسْتِغْفَارِ
50
The Book of Repentance
كتاب التَّوْبَةِ
51
Characteristics of The Hypocrites And Rulings Concerning Them
كتاب صِفَاتِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَأَحْكَامِهِمْ
52
The Book of Paradise, its Description, its Bounties and its Inhabitants
كتاب الْجَنَّةِ وَصِفَةِ نَعِيمِهَا وَأَهْلِهَا
53
The Book of Tribulations and Portents of the Last Hour
كتاب الْفِتَنِ وَأَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ
54
The Book of Zuhd and Softening of Hearts
كتاب الزُّهْدِ وَالرَّقَائِقِ
55
The Book of Commentary on the Qur'an
كتاب التَّفْسِيرِ

What is Sahih Muslim Chapter 55 about?

Read Sahih Muslim, Chapter 55: The Book of Commentary on the Qur'an. This chapter contains 41 source records. Open a narration to see its permanent reference, available translations and source information.

Topics in the narrations on this page

  • Interpretation of various Verses

Collection history and compiler biographySources and methodology

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قِيلَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ يُغْفَرْ لَكُمْ خَطَايَاكُمْ فَبَدَّلُوا فَدَخَلُوا الْبَابَ يَزْحَفُونَ عَلَى أَسْتَاهِهِمْ وَقَالُوا حَبَّةٌ فِي شَعَرَةٍ.

This is what Abu Huraira رضی اللہ عنہ reported to us from Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) and in this connection he narrated some of the ahadith and Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) said: It was said to people of Israel: Enter this land saying Hitta (Remove Thou from us the burden of our sins), whereupon We would forgive you your sins, but they twisted (this statement) and entered the gate dragging upon their breech and said: The grain in the ear.

— Hammim bin Munabbih reported

حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ النَّاقِدُ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ قَالَ عَبْدٌ حَدَّثَنِي و قَالَ الْآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ يَعْنُونَ ابْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَابَعَ الْوَحْيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ وَأَكْثَرُ مَا كَانَ الْوَحْيُ يَوْمَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, sent revelation to Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) just before his death in quick succession until he left for his heavenly home, and the day when he died, he received the revelation profusely.

— Anas bin Malik رضی اللہ عنہ reported

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ قَالُوا لِعُمَرَ إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ آيَةً لَوْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِينَا لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَيَّ يَوْمٍ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ بِعَرَفَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاقِفٌ بِعَرَفَةَ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أَشُكُّ كَانَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ أَمْ لَا يَعْنِي الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي.

A Jew said to 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہ : You recite a verse which, if it had been revealed in relation to us, we would have taken that day as the day of rejoicing. Thereupon 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہ said: I know where it was revealed and on the day when it was revealed and where Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) had been at that time when it was revealed. It was revealed on the day of 'Arafa (ninth of Dhu'l Hijjah) and Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) had been staying in 'Arafat. Sufyan said: I doubt, whether it was Friday or not (and the verse referred to) is this: Today I have perfected your religion for you and completed My favours upon you (v. 4).

— Tariq bin Shihab reported

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ قَالَتْ الْيَهُودُ لِعُمَرَ لَوْ عَلَيْنَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمْ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا نَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ وَالسَّاعَةَ وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ نَزَلَتْ نَزَلَتْ لَيْلَةَ جَمْعٍ وَنَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ.

A Jew said to 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہ: If this verse were revealed in relation to the Jews (i.e. This day I have perfected your religion for you and have completed My favours for you and have chosen for you al-Islam as religion ) we would have taken the day of rejoicing on which this verse was revealed. Thereupon 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہ said: I know the day on which it was revealed and the hour when it was revealed and where Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) had been when it was revealed. It was revealed on the night of Friday and we were in 'Arafat with Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) at that time.

— Tariq bin Shihab reported

و حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَيْسٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَهَا لَوْ عَلَيْنَا نَزَلَتْ مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا قَالَ وَأَيُّ آيَةٍ قَالَ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمْ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ وَالْمَكَانَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ.

A Jew came to 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہ and said: Commander of the Faithful, there is a verse in your Book, which you recite. Had it been revealed in connection with the Jews, we would have taken it as the day of rejoicing. Thereupon he said: Which verse do you mean? He replied: This day I have perfected your religion for you and I have completed My favours upon you and I have chosen al-Islam as religion for you. Umar رضی اللہ عنہ said, I know the day when it was revealed and the place where it was revealed. It was revealed to Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) at 'Arafat on Friday.

— Tariq bin Shihab reported

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِيُّ قَالَ أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ حَدَّثَنَا و قَالَ حَرْمَلَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنْ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا تُشَارِكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيُعْجِبُهُ مَالُهَا وَجَمَالُهَا فَيُرِيدُ وَلِيُّهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ أَنْ يُقْسِطَ فِي صَدَاقِهَا فَيُعْطِيَهَا مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِيهَا غَيْرُهُ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ وَيَبْلُغُوا بِهِنَّ أَعْلَى سُنَّتِهِنَّ مِنْ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَهُمْ مِنْ النِّسَاءِ سِوَاهُنَّ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَفْتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فِيهِنَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ قَالَتْ وَالَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ الْآيَةُ الْأُولَى الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنْ النِّسَاءِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَقَوْلُ اللَّهِ فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُخْرَى وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ رَغْبَةَ أَحَدِكُمْ عَنْ الْيَتِيمَةِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِهِ حِينَ تَكُونُ قَلِيلَةَ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا رَغِبُوا فِي مَالِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا مِنْ يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا بِالْقِسْطِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ.

He asked 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا about the words of Allah: If you fear that you will not be able to maintain equity amongst the orphan girls, then marry (those) you like from amongst the women two, three or four. She said: O, the son of my sister, the orphan girl is one who is under the patronage of her guardian and she shares with him in his property and her property and beauty fascinate him and her guardian makes up his mind to marry her without giving her due share of the wedding money and is not prepared (to pay so much amount) which anyone else is prepared to pay and so Allah has forbidden to marry these girls but in case when equity is observed as regards the wedding money and they are prepared to pay them the full amount of the wedding money and Allah commanded to marry other women besides them according to the liking of their heart. 'Urwa reported that 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said that people began to seek verdict from Allah's Messenger ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) after the revelation of this verse about them (orphan girls) and Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse: They asked thee verdict about women; say: Allah gives verdict to you in regard to them and what is recited to you in the Book about orphan woman, whom you give not what is ordained for them while you like to marry them (iv. 126). She said: The wording of Allah what is recited to you in the Book means the first verse, i.e. if you fear that you may not be able to observe equity in case of an orphan woman, marry what you like in case of woman (iv. 3). 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said: (And as for this verse [iv. 126], i.e. and you intend to marry one of them from amongst the orphan girls it pertains to one who is in charge (of orphans) having small amount of wealth and less beauty and they have been forbidden that they should marry what they like of her wealth and beauty out of the orphan girls, but with equity, because of their disliking for them.

— Urwa bin Zubair reported

و حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَزَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ إِذَا كُنَّ قَلِيلَاتِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ.

He asked 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا about the words of Allah: If you fear that you will not be able to observe equity in case of orphan girls ; the rest of the hadith is the same but with a slight variation of wording.

— Urwa reported

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْله وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْيَتِيمَةُ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّهَا وَوَارِثُهَا وَلَهَا مَالٌ وَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَحَدٌ يُخَاصِمُ دُونَهَا فَلَا يُنْكِحُهَا لِمَالِهَا فَيَضُرُّ بِهَا وَيُسِيءُ صُحْبَتَهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنْ النِّسَاءِ يَقُولُ مَا أَحْلَلْتُ لَكُمْ وَدَعْ هَذِهِ الَّتِي تَضُرُّ بِهَا.

A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said that as for the words of Allah: If you fear that you would not be able to observe equity in case of orphan girls), it was revealed in reference to a person who had an orphan girl (as his ward) and he was her guardian, and her heir, and she possessed property, but there was none to contend on her behalf except her ownself. And he (her guardian) did not give her in marriage because of her property and he tortured her and ill-treated her, it was in relation to her that (Allah said: ) If you fear that you would not be able to observe equity in case of orphan girls, then marry whom you like among women, i. e. whatever I have made lawful for you and leave her whom you are putting to torture.

— Hisham asked his father (Urwah)

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْله وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي الْيَتِيمَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَتَشْرَكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَرْغَبُ عَنْهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا غَيْرَهُ فَيَشْرَكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَعْضِلُهَا فَلَا يَتَزَوَّجُهَا وَلَا يُزَوِّجُهَا غَيْرَهُ.

What is recited to you in the Book about orphan women whom you give not what is ordained for them, while you like to marry them, these were revealed in connection with an orphan girl who was in the charge of the person and she shared with him in his property and he was reluctant to marry her himself and was also unwilling to marry her to someone else (fearing) that (that person) would share in his property (as the husband of that girl), preventing her to marry, neither marrying her himself nor marrying her to another person.

— A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said in connection with His words (those of Allah)

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْله يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ الْآيَةَ قَالَتْ هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ الَّتِي تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ لَعَلَّهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ قَدْ شَرِكَتْهُ فِي مَالِهِ حَتَّى فِي الْعَذْقِ فَيَرْغَبُ يَعْنِي أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُنْكِحَهَا رَجُلًا فَيَشْرَكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَعْضِلُهَا.

They ask thee the religious verdict about women, say: Allah gives you the verdict about them (iv. 126), that these relate to an orphan girl who is in charge of the person and she shares with him in his property (as a heir) even in the date-palm trees and he is reluctant to give her hand in marriage to any other person lest he (her husband) should partake of his property, and thus keep her in a lingering state.

— Hisham reported that 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said in connection with the words of Allah

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْله وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي وَالِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ الَّذِي يَقُومُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُصْلِحُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مُحْتَاجًا أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ.

'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said in connection with His (Allah's) words: And whoever is poor let him take reasonably (out of it) that it was revealed in connection with the custodian of the property of an orphan, who is in charge of her and looks after her; In case he is poor, he is allowed to eat out of that.

— Hisham reported on the authority of his father

و حَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي وَلِيِّ الْيَتِيمِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ مِنْ مَالِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مُحْتَاجًا بِقَدْرِ مَالِهِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ.

He who is rich should abstain, and he who is poor may reasonably eat (out of it) that this was revealed in relation to the guardian of an orphan who is poor; he may get out of that what is reasonable keeping in view his own status of solvency.

— A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا reported in connection with the words of Allah, the Exalted

و حَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِذْ جَاءُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ وَإِذْ زَاغَتْ الْأَبْصَارُ وَبَلَغَتْ الْقُلُوبُ الْحَنَاجِرَ قَالَتْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ.

When they came upon you from above you and from below you and when the eyes turned dull and the hearts rose up to the throats (xxxiii. 10) pertain to the day of Ditch.

— A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا reported that these words of Allah

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَإِنْ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا الْآيَةَ قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَتَطُولُ صُحْبَتُهَا فَيُرِيدُ طَلَاقَهَا فَتَقُولُ لَا تُطَلِّقْنِي وَأَمْسِكْنِي وَأَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنِّي فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ.

And if a woman has reason to fear ill-treatment from her husband or that he might turn away from her (iv. 128) that it was revealed in case of a woman who had long association with a person (as his wife) and now he intends to divorce her and she says: Do not divorce me, but retain me (as wife in your house) and you are permitted to live with another wife. It is in this context that this verse was revealed.

— A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said in connection with the verse

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَإِنْ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا قَالَتْ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَلَعَلَّهُ أَنْ لَا يَسْتَكْثِرَ مِنْهَا وَتَكُونُ لَهَا صُحْبَةٌ وَوَلَدٌ فَتَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهَا فَتَقُولُ لَهُ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ شَأْنِي.

And if a woman has reason to fear ill-treatment from her husband or that he might turn away from her that it was revealed in case of a woman who lived with a person and perhaps he does not want to prolong (his relationship with her) whereas she has had sexual relationship with him (and as a result thereof) she got a child from him and she does not like that she should be divorced, so she says to him: I permit you to live with the other wife.

— A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said in connection with these words of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَتْ لِي عَائِشَةُ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي أُمِرُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِأَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَبُّوهُمْ.

'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said to him: O, the son of my sister, the Muslims were commanded to seek forgiveness for the Companions of Allah's Apostle ( ‌صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ‌ ) but they reviled them.

— Urwa reported on the authority of his father

و حَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ.

This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Usama with the same chain of narrators.

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ فَرَحَلْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَقَدْ أُنْزِلَتْ آخِرَ مَا أُنْزِلَ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا شَيْءٌ.

The inhabitants of Kufa differed in regard to this verse: But whoever slays another believer intentionally, his requital shall be Hell (iv. 92), so I went to Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ and asked him about it, whereupon he said: This has been revealed and nothing abrogated it.

— Sa'id bin Jubair رضی اللہ عنہ reported

و حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ و حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ قَالَا جَمِيعًا حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ فِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ جَعْفَرٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي آخِرِ مَا أُنْزِلَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ النَّضْرِ إِنَّهَا لَمِنْ آخِرِ مَا أُنْزِلَتْ.

This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Shu'ba with the same chain of narrators but with a slight variation of wording.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ أَمَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبْزَى أَنْ أَسْأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ هَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ لَمْ يَنْسَخْهَا شَيْءٌ وَعَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ.

'Abdul Rahman bin Azdi commanded me that I should ask Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ about these two verses: He who slays a believer intentionally his requital shall be Hell where he would abide for ever (iv. 92). So, I asked him and he said: Nothing has abrogated it. And as for this verse: And they who call not upon another god with Allah and slay not the soul which Allah has forbidden, except in the cause of justice (xxv. 68), he (Ibn Abbas) said: This has been revealed in regard to the polytheists.

— Sa'id bin Jubair رضی اللہ عنہ reported

حَدَّثَنِي هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النَّضْرِ هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ اللَّيْثِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ يَعْنِي شَيْبَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بِمَكَّةَ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ إِلَى قَوْله مُهَانًا فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَمَا يُغْنِي عَنَّا الْإِسْلَامُ وَقَدْ عَدَلْنَا بِاللَّهِ وَقَدْ قَتَلْنَا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَأَتَيْنَا الْفَوَاحِشَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَّا مَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ عَمَلًا صَالِحًا إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ فَأَمَّا مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَعَقَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَتَلَ فَلَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ.

This verse was revealed in Mecca: And they who call not upon another god with Allah and slay not the soul which Allah has forbidden except in the cause of justice up to the word Muhdana (abased). Thereupon the polytheists said: Islam is of no avail to us for we have made peer with Allah and we killed the soul which Allah had forbidden to do and we committed debauchery, and it was (on this occasion) that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse: Except him who repents and believes and does good deeds up to the end Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ says: He who enters the fold of Islam and understands its command and then kills the soul there is no repentance for him.

— Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ said

حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ حَدَّثَنِي الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ أَبِي بَزَّةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَلِمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَتَلَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ هَذِهِ آيَةٌ مَكِّيَّةٌ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةٌ مَدَنِيَّةٌ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ فَتَلَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ إِلَّا مَنْ تَابَ.

I said to Ibn Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ : Will the repentance of that person be accepted who kills a believer intentionally? He said: No. I recited to him this verse of Sura al-Furqan (xix.): And those who call not upon another god with Allah and slay not the soul which Allah has forbidden except in the cause of justice to the end of the verse. He said: This is a Meccan verse which has been abrogated by a verse revealed at Medina: He who slays a believer intentionally, for him is the requital of Hell-Fire where he would abide for ever, and in the narration of Ibn Hisham (the words are): I recited to him this verse of Sura al-Furqan: Except one who made repentance.

— Sa'id bin Jubair رضی اللہ عنہ reported

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَهَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ قَالَ عَبْدٌ أَخْبَرَنَا و قَالَ الْآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَيْسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ بْنِ سُهَيْلٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ قَالَ لِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ تَعْلَمُ وَقَالَ هَارُونُ تَدْرِي آخِرَ سُورَةٍ نَزَلَتْ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ نَزَلَتْ جَمِيعًا قُلْتُ نَعَمْ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ تَعْلَمُ أَيُّ سُورَةٍ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ آخِرَ.

Ibn Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ said to me: Do you know-and in the words of Harun (another narrator): Are you aware of-the last Sura which was revealed in the Qur'an as a whole? I said: Yes, When came the help from Allah and the victory (cx.). Thereupon, he said: You have told the truth. And in the narration of Abu Shaiba (the words are): Do you know the Sura? And he did not mention the words the last one .

— Ubaidullah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Utba reported

و حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عُمَيْسٍ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ وَقَالَ آخِرَ سُورَةٍ وَقَالَ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ ابْنِ سُهَيْلٍ.

This hadith has been reported on the authority of Abu 'Umais through the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of wording.