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Chapter 38

Sunan an-Nasai — The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]

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1
The Book of Purification
كتاب الطهارة
2
The Book of Water
كتاب المياه
3
The Book of Menstruation and Istihadah
كتاب الحيض والاستحاضة
4
The Book of Ghusl and Tayammum
كتاب الغسل والتيمم
5
The Book of Salah
كتاب الصلاة
6
The Book of the Times (of Prayer)
كتاب المواقيت
7
The Book of the Adhan (The Call to Prayer)
كتاب الأذان
8
The Book of the Masjids
كتاب المساجد
9
The Book of the Qiblah
كتاب القبلة
10
The Book of Leading the Prayer (Al-Imamah)
كتاب الإمامة
11
The Book of the Commencement of the Prayer
كتاب الافتتاح
12
The Book of The At-Tatbiq (Clasping One's Hands Together)
كتاب التطبيق
13
The Book of Forgetfulness (In Prayer)
كتاب السهو
14
The Book of Jumu`ah (Friday Prayer)
كتاب الجمعة
15
The Book of Shortening the Prayer When Traveling
كتاب تقصير الصلاة فى السفر
16
The Book of Eclipses
كتاب الكسوف
17
The Book of Praying for Rain (Al-Istisqa`)
كتاب الاستسقاء
18
The Book of the Fear Prayer
كتاب صلاة الخوف
19
The Book of the Prayer for the Two `Eids
كتاب صلاة العيدين
20
The Book of Qiyam Al-Lail (The Night Prayer) and Voluntary Prayers During the Day
كتاب قيام الليل وتطوع النهار
21
The Book of Funerals
كتاب الجنائز
22
The Book of Fasting
كتاب الصيام
23
The Book of Zakah
كتاب الزكاة
24
The Book of Hajj
كتاب مناسك الحج
25
The Book of Jihad
كتاب الجهاد
26
The Book of Marriage
كتاب النكاح
27
The Book of the Kind Treatment of Women
كتاب عشرة النساء
28
The Book of Divorce
كتاب الطلاق
29
The Book of Horses, Races and Shooting
كتاب الخيل
30
The Book of Endowments
كتاب الإحباس
31
The Book of Wills
كتاب الوصايا
32
The Book of Presents
كتاب النحل
33
The Book of Gifts
كتاب الهبة
34
The Book of Ar-Ruqba
كتاب الرقبى
35
The Book of `Umra
كتاب العمرى
36
The Book of Oaths and Vows
كتاب الأيمان والنذور
37
The Book of Agriculture
كتاب المزارعة
38
The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]
كتاب تحريم الدم
39
The Book Of The Distribution Of Al-Fay'
كتاب قسم الفىء
40
The Book of al-Bay`ah
كتاب البيعة
41
The Book of Al-`Aqiqah
كتاب العقيقة
42
The Book of Al-Fara` and Al-`Atirah
كتاب الفرع والعتيرة
43
The Book of Hunting and Slaughtering
كتاب الصيد والذبائح
44
The Book of Ad-Dahaya (Sacrifices)
كتاب الضحايا
45
The Book of Financial Transactions
كتاب البيوع
46
The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money
كتاب القسامة
47
The Book of Cutting off the Hand of the Thief
كتاب قطع السارق
48
The Book Of Faith and its Signs
كتاب الإيمان وشرائعه
49
The Book of Adornment
كتاب الزينة من السنن
50
The Book of the Etiquette of Judges
كتاب آداب القضاة
51
The Book of Seeking Refuge with Allah
كتاب الاستعاذة
52
The Book of Drinks
كتاب الأشربة

What is Sunan an-Nasai Chapter 38 about?

Read Sunan an-Nasai, Chapter 38: The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]. This chapter contains 168 source records; you are reading page 2. Open a narration to see its permanent reference, available translations and source information.

Topics in the narrations on this page

  • Mentioning the Major Sins
  • The Gravest of Sins, and the Differences that Yahya and 'Abdur-Rahman Narrated from Sufyan in the Hadith of Wasil from, Abu Wail from, 'Abdullah about that

Collection history and compiler biographySources and methodology

أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ إِسْحَاق الْمَرْوَزِيُّ ثِقَةٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ الْمُهَاجِرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ زَوَالِ الدُّنْيَا .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: 'Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world.'

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah رضی اللہ عنہ that his father said

أَخْبَرَنَا سَرِيعُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ الْخَصِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَزْرَقُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شَرِيكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ الصَّلَاةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: 'The first thing concerning which a person will be brought to account will be the Salah, and the first thing concerning which scores will be settled among the people, will be bloodshed.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُحَدِّثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُحْكَمُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: 'The first matter concerning which judgment will be passed among the people will be bloodshed.'

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ that

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شَقِيقٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى فِيهِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: 'The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.'

It was narrated that 'Amr bin Shurahbil said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شَقِيقٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ .

The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people will be bloodshed.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُسْتَمِرِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شَقِيقِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ الرَّجُلِ،‏‏‏‏ فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَبِّ،‏‏‏‏ هَذَا قَتَلَنِي. فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ لِمَ قَتَلْتَهُ ؟ فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ قَتَلْتُهُ لِتَكُونَ الْعِزَّةُ لَكَ. فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ فَإِنَّهَا لِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ الرَّجُلِ،‏‏‏‏ فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ هَذَا قَتَلَنِي. فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ لِمَ قَتَلْتَهُ ؟ فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ لِتَكُونَ الْعِزَّةُ لِفُلَانٍ. فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ لِفُلَانٍ. فَيَبُوءُ بِإِثْمِهِ .

The Prophet [ﷺ] said: A man will come, holding another man's hand, and will say: 'O Lord, this man killed me.' Allah will say to him: 'Why did you kill him?' He will say: 'I killed him so that the glory would be to you.' He will say: 'It is to Me.' Then (another) man will come holding another man's hand, and will say: 'This man killed me.' Allah will say to him: 'Why did you kill him?' He will say: 'So that the glory would be to so and so.' He will say: 'It is not to so and so,' and the burden of sin will be upon him.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud رضی اللہ عنہ that

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ جُنْدَبٌ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي فُلَانٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ بِقَاتِلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيَقُولُ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي ؟ فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ قَتَلْتُهُ عَلَى مُلْكِ فُلَانٍ . قَالَ جُنْدَبٌ:‏‏‏‏ فَاتَّقِهَا.

'So and so told me that the Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: The slain will bring his killer on the Day of Resurrection and will say: Ask him why he killed me. He will say: I killed him defending the kingdom of so and so.' Jundab رضی اللہ عنہ said: So be careful.'

It was narrated that Abu 'Imran Al-Jawni said: Jundab رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمَّارٍ الدُّهْنِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ سُئِلَ عَمَّنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا ثُمَّ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ:‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَّى لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ ! سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكُمْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ يَجِيءُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بِالْقَاتِلِ تَشْخَبُ أَوْدَاجُهُ دَمًا فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ أَيْ رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي ،‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا .

Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما was asked about someone who killed a believer deliberately, then he repented, believed and did righteous deeds, and followed true guidance. Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما said: There is no way the repentance could avail him! I heard the Prophet [ﷺ] say: 'He (the victim) will come hanging onto his killer, with his jugular veins flowing with blood and saying: O Lord, ask him why he killed me. Then he said: By Allah, Allah revealed it and never abrogated anything of it.'

It was narrated from Salim bin Abi Ja'd that

قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَزْهَرُ بْنُ جَمِيلٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا [سورة النساء آية 93 ] فَرَحَلْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،‏‏‏‏ فَسَأَلْتُهُ ؟ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَقَدْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي آخِرِ مَا أُنْزِلَ،‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا شَيْءٌ .

The people of Al-Kufah differed concerning this Verse: And whoever kills a believer intentionally. So I went to Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما and asked him, and he said: 'It was revealed among the last of what was revealed, and nothing of it was abrogated after that.'

It was narrated that Sa'eed bin Jubair said

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ أَبِي بَزَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:‏‏‏‏ هَلْ لِمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا. وَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ[ سورة الفرقان آية 68]. قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ هَذِهِ آيَةٌ مَكِّيَّةٌ،‏‏‏‏ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةٌ مَدَنِيَّةٌ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ [سورة النساء آية 93] .

I said to Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما : 'Can a person, who killed a believer intentionally, repent?' He said: 'No.' I recited the Verse from Al-Furqan to him: 'And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right,' he said: 'This Verse was revealed in Makkah and was abrogated by a Verse that was revealed in Al-Madinah: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell.'

It was narrated that Sa'eed bin Jubair said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَمَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى أَنْ أَسْأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ هَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ سورة النساء آية 93،‏‏‏‏ فَسَأَلْتُهُ،‏‏‏‏ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَمْ يَنْسَخْهَا شَيْءٌ . وَعَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ سورة الفرقان آية 68،‏‏‏‏ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَزَلَتْ فِي أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ .

Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila told me to ask Ibn 'Abbas about two Verses: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell.' I asked him and he said: 'Nothing of this has been abrogated.' (And I asked him about the Verse): 'And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right,' he said: 'This was revealed concerning the people of Shirk.'

It was narrated that Sa'eed bin Jubair said

أَخْبَرَنَا حَاجِبُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمَنْبِجِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الثَّعْلِبِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ قَوْمًا كَانُوا قَتَلُوا فَأَكْثَرُوا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَزَنَوْا فَأَكْثَرُوا،‏‏‏‏ وَانْتَهَكُوا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَوْا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ يَا مُحَمَّدُ،‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ الَّذِي تَقُولُ وَتَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ لَحَسَنٌ،‏‏‏‏ لَوْ تُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّ لِمَا عَمِلْنَا كَفَّارَةً، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ إِلَى فَأُولَئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ[ سورة الفرقان آية 68 - 70]. قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ شِرْكَهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَزِنَاهُمْ إِحْصَانًا ،‏‏‏‏ وَنَزَلَتْ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْ يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ [سورة الزمر آية 53[ الْآيَةَ ]

Some people used to kill, and they did a great deal of it, and they used to commit adultery and they did a great deal of it, and they committed violations. They came to the Prophet [SAW] and said: O Muhammad, what you say and call people to is good, if only you could tell us that there is any expiation for what we have done. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah up to for those, Allah will change their sins into good deeds, he said: So Allah will change their Shirk into faith, and their adultery into chastity. And the Verse: Say: O 'Ibadi (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins) was revealed.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي يَعْلَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ أَتَوْا مُحَمَّدًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ الَّذِي تَقُولُ وَتَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ لَحَسَنٌ،‏‏‏‏ لَوْ تُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّ لِمَا عَمِلْنَا كَفَّارَةً، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَنَزَلَتْ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ [سورة الفرقان آية 68] وَنَزَلَتْ قُلْ يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ [سورة الزمر آية 53] .

Some of the people of Shirk came to Muhammad [ﷺ] and said: What you say and call people to is good, if only you could tell us that there is any expiation for what we have done. Then the Verses: And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such a person as Allah has forbidden, except by right. And Say: O 'Ibadi (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins) were revealed.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ بْنُ سَوَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي وَرْقَاءُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ بِالْقَاتِلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ نَاصِيَتُهُ وَرَأْسُهُ فِي يَدِهِ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَوْدَاجُهُ تَشْخَبُ دَمًا يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَبِّ،‏‏‏‏ قَتَلَنِي. حَتَّى يُدْنِيَهُ مِنَ الْعَرْشِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَذَكَرُوا لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ التَّوْبَةَ،‏‏‏‏ فَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا سورة النساء آية 93 قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَا نُسِخَتْ مُنْذُ نَزَلَتْ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَّى لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ.

The Prophet [ﷺ] said: The slain will bring his killer on the Day of Resurrection with his forelock and his head in his hand, and with his jugular veins flowing with blood, and will say: 'O Lord, he killed me,' until he draws near to the Throne. They mentioned repentance to Ibn 'Abbas and he recited this Verse: And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell He said: It has not been abrogated since it was revealed; there is no way he could repent.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا [سورة النساء آية 93] الْآيَةُ كُلُّهَا بَعْدَ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ فِي الْفُرْقَانِ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ . قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد الرَّحْمَنِ:‏‏‏‏ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ.

This Verse - 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' - was revealed six months after the Verse which was revealed in Surat Al-Furqan. Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa'i) said: Muhammad bin 'Amr did not hear it from Abu Az-Zinad:

It was narrated that Zaid bin Thabit رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ زَيْدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ[ سورة النساء آية 93]،‏‏‏‏ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَعْدَ الَّتِي فِي تَبَارَكَ الْفُرْقَانِ بِثَمَانِيَةِ أَشْهُرٍ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ[ سورة الفرقان آية 68] ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد الرَّحْمَنِ:‏‏‏‏ أَدْخَلَ أَبُو الزِّنَادِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ خَارِجَةَ مُجَالِدَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ.

It was narrated from Zaid with regard Allah's saying: And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell that he said: This Verse was revealed eight months after the Verse that is in Tabark Al-Furqan: And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right. Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An Nasa'i) said: Abu Az-Zinid put Mujalid bill 'Awf between himself and Kharijah.

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُجَالِدِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ خَارِجَةَ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ يُحَدِّثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَزَلَتْ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا [سورة النساء آية 93] أَشْفَقْنَا مِنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ:‏‏‏‏ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ [سورة الفرقان آية 68 ].

I heard Kharijah bin Zaid bin Thabit رضی اللہ عنہ narrate that his father said: (The Verse) 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' was revealed and we became worried about it. Then the Verse in Al-Furqan 'And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right.' was revealed.

It was narrated that Mujalid bin 'Awf said

أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي بَحِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ أَبَا رُهْمٍ السَّمَعِيَّ حَدَّثَهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ أَبَا أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيّ حَدَّثَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَنْ جَاءَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَلَا يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَجْتَنِبُ الْكَبَائِرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏كَانَ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ ؟ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْفِرَارُ يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ .

The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: Whoever comes worshipping Allah and not associating anything with Him, establishing Salah, paying Zakah and avoiding major sins, Paradise will be his. They asked him about major sins and he said: Associating others with Allah, killing a Muslim soul, and fleeing (from the battlefield) on the day of the march.

Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari رضی اللہ عنہ narrated that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. ح، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَنْبَأَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ الْكَبَائِرُ:‏‏‏‏ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ .

'The Messenger of Allah [ﷺ] said: The major sins are: Associating others with Allah (Shirk), disobeying one's parents, killing a soul (murder) and speaking falsely.'

It was narrated that 'Ubaidullah bin Abi Bakr said: I heard Anas رضی اللہ عنہ say

أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ شُمَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا فِرَاسٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ الْكَبَائِرُ:‏‏‏‏ الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ .

The Prophet [ﷺ] said: The major sins are: Associating others with Allah, disobeying parents, killing a soul (murder) and swearing a false oath knowingly.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هَانِئٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَرْبُ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَدِيثِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَبُوهُ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ،‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،‏‏‏‏ مَا الْكَبَائِرُ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ هُنَّ سَبْعٌ:‏‏‏‏ أَعْظَمُهُنَّ إِشْرَاكٌ بِاللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَفِرَارٌ يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ . مُخْتَصَرٌ.

His father - who was one of the Companions of the Prophet [ﷺ] - told him: A man said: 'O Messenger of Allah, what are the major sins?' He said: 'They are seven; the most grievous of which are associating others with Allah, killing a soul unlawfully and fleeing (from the battlefield) on the day of the march.' It is abridged.

It was narrated from 'Ubaid bin 'Umair رضی اللہ عنہ that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ وَاصِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،‏‏‏‏ أَيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ . قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ . قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ .

I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, which sin is the most grievous?' He said: 'Setting up a rival to Allah while it is He that has created you.' I said: 'Then what?' He said: 'Killing your child for fear that he may eat with you.' I said: 'Then what?' He said: 'Committing adultery with your neighbor's wife.'

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي وَاصِلٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،‏‏‏‏ أَيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ . قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ . قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ .

I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, which sin is most grievous?' He said: 'Setting up a rival to Allah while it is He that created you.' I said: 'Then what?' He said: 'Killing your child so that he will not eat with you.' I said: 'Then what?' He said: 'Committing adultery with your neighbor's wife.'

It was narrated that 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ said