Back to Chapters
Chapter 37

Sunan an-Nasai — The Book of Agriculture

Read the narrations, translations and available source grading.

All Chapters
1
The Book of Purification
كتاب الطهارة
2
The Book of Water
كتاب المياه
3
The Book of Menstruation and Istihadah
كتاب الحيض والاستحاضة
4
The Book of Ghusl and Tayammum
كتاب الغسل والتيمم
5
The Book of Salah
كتاب الصلاة
6
The Book of the Times (of Prayer)
كتاب المواقيت
7
The Book of the Adhan (The Call to Prayer)
كتاب الأذان
8
The Book of the Masjids
كتاب المساجد
9
The Book of the Qiblah
كتاب القبلة
10
The Book of Leading the Prayer (Al-Imamah)
كتاب الإمامة
11
The Book of the Commencement of the Prayer
كتاب الافتتاح
12
The Book of The At-Tatbiq (Clasping One's Hands Together)
كتاب التطبيق
13
The Book of Forgetfulness (In Prayer)
كتاب السهو
14
The Book of Jumu`ah (Friday Prayer)
كتاب الجمعة
15
The Book of Shortening the Prayer When Traveling
كتاب تقصير الصلاة فى السفر
16
The Book of Eclipses
كتاب الكسوف
17
The Book of Praying for Rain (Al-Istisqa`)
كتاب الاستسقاء
18
The Book of the Fear Prayer
كتاب صلاة الخوف
19
The Book of the Prayer for the Two `Eids
كتاب صلاة العيدين
20
The Book of Qiyam Al-Lail (The Night Prayer) and Voluntary Prayers During the Day
كتاب قيام الليل وتطوع النهار
21
The Book of Funerals
كتاب الجنائز
22
The Book of Fasting
كتاب الصيام
23
The Book of Zakah
كتاب الزكاة
24
The Book of Hajj
كتاب مناسك الحج
25
The Book of Jihad
كتاب الجهاد
26
The Book of Marriage
كتاب النكاح
27
The Book of the Kind Treatment of Women
كتاب عشرة النساء
28
The Book of Divorce
كتاب الطلاق
29
The Book of Horses, Races and Shooting
كتاب الخيل
30
The Book of Endowments
كتاب الإحباس
31
The Book of Wills
كتاب الوصايا
32
The Book of Presents
كتاب النحل
33
The Book of Gifts
كتاب الهبة
34
The Book of Ar-Ruqba
كتاب الرقبى
35
The Book of `Umra
كتاب العمرى
36
The Book of Oaths and Vows
كتاب الأيمان والنذور
37
The Book of Agriculture
كتاب المزارعة
38
The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]
كتاب تحريم الدم
39
The Book Of The Distribution Of Al-Fay'
كتاب قسم الفىء
40
The Book of al-Bay`ah
كتاب البيعة
41
The Book of Al-`Aqiqah
كتاب العقيقة
42
The Book of Al-Fara` and Al-`Atirah
كتاب الفرع والعتيرة
43
The Book of Hunting and Slaughtering
كتاب الصيد والذبائح
44
The Book of Ad-Dahaya (Sacrifices)
كتاب الضحايا
45
The Book of Financial Transactions
كتاب البيوع
46
The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money
كتاب القسامة
47
The Book of Cutting off the Hand of the Thief
كتاب قطع السارق
48
The Book Of Faith and its Signs
كتاب الإيمان وشرائعه
49
The Book of Adornment
كتاب الزينة من السنن
50
The Book of the Etiquette of Judges
كتاب آداب القضاة
51
The Book of Seeking Refuge with Allah
كتاب الاستعاذة
52
The Book of Drinks
كتاب الأشربة

What is Sunan an-Nasai Chapter 37 about?

Read Sunan an-Nasai, Chapter 37: The Book of Agriculture. This chapter contains 82 source records; you are reading page 3. Open a narration to see its permanent reference, available translations and source information.

Topics in the narrations on this page

  • Mentioning The Different Wordings With Regard To Sharecropping

Collection history and compiler biographySources and methodology

قَالَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ:‏‏‏‏ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو خُزَيْمَةَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَرِيفٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ:‏‏‏‏ فَسُئِلَ رَافِعٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ:‏‏‏‏ كَيْفَ كَانُوا يُكْرُونَ الْأَرْضَ ؟ ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مُسَمًّى،‏‏‏‏ وَيُشْتَرَطُ أَنَّ لَنَا مَا تُنْبِتُ مَاذِيَانَاتُ الْأَرْضِ وَأَقْبَالُ الْجَدَاوِلِ . رَوَاهُ نَافِعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade leasing land. Ibn Shihab said: Rafi رضی اللہ عنہ was asked after that: 'How did they lease land?' He said: 'In return for a set amount of food (produce), and it was stipulated that we would have whatever grew on the banks of the streams and springs.' Nafi' reported it from Rafi bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ, and there are differences over his narration of it.

It was narrated from Ibn Shihab that Rafi bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ أَخْبَرَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ عُمُومَتَهُ جَاءُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فَأَخْبَرُوا،‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ:‏‏‏‏ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ كُلُّ صَاحِبَ مَزْرَعَةٍ يُكْرِيهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُ مَا عَلَى الرَّبِيعِ السَّاقِي الَّذِي يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنَ التِّبْنِ لَا أَدْرِي كَمْ هِيَ ؟. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ،‏‏‏‏ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ عَنْ بَعْضِ عُمُومَتِهِ.

His paternal uncles went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then they came back and told them that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had forbidden leasing arable land. Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہما said: We knew that he owned some arable land that he leased at the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in return for whatever grew on the banks of the streams of water, and for a certain amount of straw, I do not know how much it was. Ibn Awn reported it from Nafi but he said: From some of his paternal uncles.

Rafi bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ told Abdullah bin Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَأْخُذُ كِرَاءَ الْأَرْضِ،‏‏‏‏ فَبَلَغَهُ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ شَيْءٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَمَشَى إِلَى رَافِعٍ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ،‏‏‏‏ فَحَدَّثَهُ رَافِعٌ،‏‏‏‏ عَنْ بَعْضِ عُمُومَتِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَتَرَكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بَعْدُ.

Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما used to take rent for some land, then he heard something from Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ. He took me by the hand and went off to Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ, and I was with him. Rafi' narrated to him from some of his paternal uncles, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade leasing land, so 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہما stopped (doing that) afterward.

It was narrated from Nafi'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاق الْأَزْرَقُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ كِرَاءَ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى حَدَّثَهُ رَافِعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ بَعْضِ عُمُومَتِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَتَرَكَهَا بَعْدُ. رَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ عُمُومَتَهُ.

He used to take rent for land until Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ narrated to him, from some of his paternal uncles, that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land. So he stopped doing that afterward. Ayyub reported it from Nafi رضی اللہ عنہ , and he did not mention. "His paternal uncles."

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ زُرَيْعٍ،‏‏‏‏ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُكْرِي مَزَارِعَهُ،‏‏‏‏ حَتَّى بَلَغَهُ فِي آخِرِ خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يُخْبِرُ فِيهَا بِنَهْيِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَاهُ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَسَأَلَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَتَرَكَهَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ بَعْدُ فَكَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ زَعَمَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْهَا. وَافَقَهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَثِيرُ بْنُ فَرْقَدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَجُوَيْرِيَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ.

Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما used to lease out his arable land until he heard at the end of Mu'awiyah's Khilafah, that Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ used to narrate, that the Messenger of Allah had forbidden that. He went to him -and I (Nafi') was with him- and asked him (about that). He said: The Messenger of Allah used to forbid leasing arable land. So Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما stopped (doing that) afterward. When he was asked about it he said: Rafi' bin Khadij said that the Prophet ﷺ forbade that. 'Ubaidullah bin 'Umar, Kathir bin Farqad, and Juwairiyah bin Asma were in accord with him.

It was narrated from Nafi' that

أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ اللَّيْثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُكْرِي الْمَزَارِعَ،‏‏‏‏ فَحُدِّثَ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يَأْثُرُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ نَافِعٌ:‏‏‏‏ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى الْبَلَاطِ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَسَأَلَهُ ؟ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ ،‏‏‏‏ فَتَرَكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ كِرَاءَهَا.

It was narrated from Nafi' that 'Abdullah bin 'Umar used to lease arable land, then he was told that Rafi' bin Khadij narrated from the Messenger of Allah that he forbade that. Nafi' said: He went out to him (and met him) in Al-Balat, and I was with him. He asked him (about that) and he said: 'Yes, the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing arable land.' So 'Abdullah stopped leasing it.

أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَخْبَرَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يَأْثُرُ فِي كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ حَدِيثًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ أَنَا،‏‏‏‏ وَالرَّجُلُ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَهُ،‏‏‏‏ حَتَّى أَتَى رَافِعًا فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَافِعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ ،‏‏‏‏ فَتَرَكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ كِرَاءَ الْأَرْضِ.

A man told Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ had narrated a Hadith concerning leasing of land. He and I, along with the man who had told him that, went to Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ, and he told us that the Messenger of Allah had forbidden leasing land. So 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہما stopped leasing land.

It was narrated from Nafi'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ،‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍحَدَّثَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ .

Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ told 'Abdullah bin 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade leasing arable land.

It was narrated from Nafi' tha

أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي حَفْصُ بْنُ عِنَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يُكْرِي أَرْضَهُ بِبَعْضِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا،‏‏‏‏ فَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يَزْجُرُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كُنَّا نُكْرِي الْأَرْضَ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَعْرِفَ رَافِعًا ثُمَّ وَجَدَ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِي حَتَّى دُفِعْنَا إِلَى رَافِعٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ:‏‏‏‏ أَسَمِعْتَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ رَافِعٌ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ لَا تُكْرُوا الْأَرْضَ بِشَيْءٍ .

Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما used to lease his land in return for some of its produce. Then he heard that Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ warned against that. He said: 'The Messenger of Allah forbade that.' He said: 'We used to lease our land before we came to know Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ.' Then he (Ibn 'Umar) became unsure, so he put his hand on my shoulder and we went to Rafi'. 'Abdullah said to him: 'Did you hear the Prophet forbid leasing land?' Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ said: 'I heard the Prophet ﷺ say: Do not lease land in return for anything.'

It was narrated from Nafi' that he narrated

أَخْبَرَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَنَافِعٍ أخبراه، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ . رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ. وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade leasing land. Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما reported it from Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ but there is disagreement is (reported from) 'Amr bim Dinar (for it).

It was narrated from Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ that

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا وَكِيعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ كُنَّا نُخَابِرُ وَلَا نَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَتَّى زَعَمَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ .

I heard Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما say: 'We used to sell grain before it was ripe and before it was evident that it was free of disease and blight (by means of Al-Mukhabarah). We did not see anything wrong with that, until Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had forbidden Al-Mukhabarah.'

It was narrated that 'Amr bin Dinar said

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ أَشْهَدُ لَسَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ،‏‏‏‏ وَهُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْخِبْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ مَا كُنَّا نَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا،‏‏‏‏ حَتَّى أَخْبَرَنَا عَامَ الْأَوَّلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ابْنُ خَدِيجٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الْخِبْرِ . وَافَقَهُمَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ.

I bear witness that I heard Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما asking about Al-Khibr (the agreement to Al-Mukhabarah) and he said: 'We did not see anything wrong with that, until Ibn Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ told us earlier that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbidding Al-Khibr.' Hammad bin Zaid was in accord with the two of them.

Amr bin Dinar said

أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَرَبِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ كُنَّا لَا نَرَى بِالْخِبْرِ بَأْسًا حَتَّى كَانَ عَامَ الْأَوَّلِ فَزَعَمَ رَافِعٌ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْهُ . خَالَفَهُ عَارِمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرٍ،

I heard Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما say: 'We did not see anything wrong with Al-Khibr until last year, when Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ said that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ forbade it.'

It was narrated that 'Amr bin Dinar said

حَدَّثَنَا حَرَمِيُّ بْنُ يُونُسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَارِمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ . تَابَعَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ.

The Prophet ﷺ forbade leasing land. Muhammad bin Muslim At-Tai'fi followed him up (in narrating it).

It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ الْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ . جَمَعَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ،‏‏‏‏ وَجَابِرٍ.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade Al-Mukhabarah, Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah. Sufyan bin 'Uyainah combined the two Hadiths, so he said: "From Ibn 'Umar and Jabir."

It was narrated that Jabir رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَجَابِرٍ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهُ،‏‏‏‏ وَنَهَى عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ . رَوَاهُ أَبُو النَّجَاشِيِّ عَطَاءُ بْنُ صُهَيْبٍ،‏‏‏‏ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar and Jabir that the Messenger of Allah forbade selling fruits until it was clear that they were free of blemish, and (he forbade from) Al-Mukhabarah; leasing land in return for one-third or one-quarter (of the yield).

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل الطَّبَرَانِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بَحْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مُبَارَكُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو النَّجَاشِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِرَافِعٍ:‏‏‏‏ أَتُؤَاجِرُونَ مَحَاقِلَكُمْ ؟ ،‏‏‏‏ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ،‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،‏‏‏‏ نُؤَاجِرُهَا عَلَى الرُّبُعِ وَعَلَى الْأَوْسَاقِ مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا تَفْعَلُوا ازْرَعُوهَا،‏‏‏‏ أَوْ أَعِيرُوهَا،‏‏‏‏ أَوِ امْسِكُوهَا . خَالَفَهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ،‏‏‏‏ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ عَنْ رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ظُهَيْرِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Rafi': Do you rent out your arable land? I said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah. We rent it out in return for one-quarter, and in return for (a number of) Wasqs of barley. The Messenger of Allah said: Do not do that. Cultivate it (yourselves), or lend it, or keep it. Al-Awza'i;': differed with him; he said: "From Rafi', from Zuhair bin Rafi'."

Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ narrated that

أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي النَّجَاشِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَتَا نَاظُهَيْرُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ،‏‏‏‏ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا رَافِقًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ حَقٌّ،‏‏‏‏ سَأَلَنِي:‏‏‏‏ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُونَ فِي مَحَاقِلِكُمْ ؟ . قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ نُؤَاجِرُهَا عَلَى الرُّبُعِ وَالْأَوْسَاقِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ أَوِ الشَّعِيرِ. قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا ازْرَعُوهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ أَزْرِعُوهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوِ امْسِكُوهَا . رَوَاهُ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أُسَيْدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ فَجَعَلَ الرِّوَايَةَ لِأَخِي رَافِعٍ.

Zuhair bin Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ came to us and said: 'The Messenger of Allah forbade me to do something that was convenient for us.' I said: 'What was that?' He said: 'The command of the Messenger of Allah is true. He asked me: What do you do with your land? I said: We rent it out in return for one-quarter (of the yield) and a number of Wasqs of dates or barley. He said: Do not do that. Cultivate it, give it to someone else to cultivate, or keep it.' Bukair bin 'Abdullah bin AlAshaii -reported it from Usaid bin RW, and he reoorted it as a narration of Rafi's brother.

It was narrated that Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہ said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ لَيْثٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي بُكَيْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أُسَيْدِ بْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ أَخَا رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ:‏‏‏‏ قَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْيَوْمَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ كَانَ لَكُمْ رَافِقًا وَأَمْرُهُ طَاعَةٌ وَخَيْرٌ:‏‏‏‏ نَهَى عَنِ الْحَقْلِ .

The brother of Rafi' said to his people: Today the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has forbidden something which was convenient for you, but following his command is an act of obedience (to Allah) and is good. He forbade Al-Haql.

It was narrated from Usaid bin Rafi' bin Khadij that

أَخْبَرَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ اللَّيْثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ اللَّيْثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أُسَيْدَ بْنَ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ يَذْكُرُ:‏‏‏‏ أَنَّهُمْ مَنَعُوا الْمُحَاقَلَةَ وَهِيَ أَرْضٌ تُزْرَعُ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَا فِيهَا . رَوَاهُ عِيسَى بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ.

I heard Usaid bin Rafi' bin Khadij Al-Ansari say that they did not allow Al-Muhaqalah, which is land that is cultivated in return for some of its produce. 'Eisa bin Sahl bin Rafi reported it.

It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin Hurmuz said

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا حَبَّانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ أَبِي شُجَاعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي عِيسَى بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنِّي لَيَتِيمٌ فِي حَجْرِ جَدِّي رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَبَلَغْتُ رَجُلًا،‏‏‏‏ وَحَجَجْتُ مَعَهُ،‏‏‏‏ فَجَاءَ أَخِي عِمْرَانُ بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا أَبَتَاهُ،‏‏‏‏ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَكْرَيْنَا أَرْضَنَا فُلَانَةَ بِمِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ. فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا بُنَيَّ،‏‏‏‏ دَعْ ذَاكَ،‏‏‏‏ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ سَيَجْعَلُ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا غَيْرَهُ،‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ .

I was an orphan in the care of my grandfather Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ. I reached puberty and became a man, and I performed Hajj with him. My brother 'Imran bin Sahl bin Rafi' bin Khadij came and said: 'O my father, we have leased our land to so and so (a woman) for two hundred Dirhams.' He said: 'O my son, leave that (do not do it), for Allah will give you other provision. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade leasing land.'

Eisa bin Sahl bin Rafi' bin Khadij narrated

أَخْبَرَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ:‏‏‏‏ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لِرَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَا وَاللَّهِ أَعْلَمُ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّمَا كَانَا رَجُلَيْنِ اقْتَتَلَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا شَأْنُكُمْ فَلَا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ . فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَهُ:‏‏‏‏ لَا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ . فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَهُ ‏‏"‏‏ لاَ تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ ‏‏"‏‏‏.‏‏ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ كِتَابَةُ مُزَارَعَةٍ عَلَى أَنَّ الْبَذْرَ وَالنَّفَقَةَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الأَرْضِ وَلِلْمُزَارِعِ رُبُعُ مَا يُخْرِجُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْهَا هَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ فُلاَنُ بْنُ فُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ فِي صِحَّةٍ مِنْهُ وَجَوَازِ أَمْرٍ لِفُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ إِنَّكَ دَفَعْتَ إِلَىَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ الَّتِي بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا فى مَدِينَةِ كَذَا مُزَارَعَةً وَهِيَ الأَرْضُ الَّتِي تُعْرَفُ بِكَذَا وَتَجْمَعُهَا حُدُودٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ يُحِيطُ بِهَا كُلِّهَا وَأَحَدُ تِلْكَ الْحُدُودِ بِأَسْرِهِ لَزِيقُ كَذَا وَالثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثُ وَالرَّابِعُ دَفَعْتَ إِلَىَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ هَذِهِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ بِحُدُودِهَا الْمُحِيطَةِ بِهَا وَجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهَا وَشِرْبِهَا وَأَنْهَارِهَا وَسَوَاقِيهَا أَرْضًا بَيْضَاءَ فَارِغَةً لاَ شَىْءَ فِيهَا مِنْ غَرْسٍ وَ لاَ زَرْعٍ سَنَةً تَامَّةً أَوَّلُهَا مُسْتَهَلَّ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا وَآخِرُهَا انْسِلاَخُ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا عَلَى أَنْ أَزْرَعَ جَمِيعَ هَذِهِ الأَرْضِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ الْمَوْصُوفُ مَوْضِعُهَا فِيهِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ الْمُؤَقَّتَةَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا كُلَّ مَا أَرَدْتُ وَبَدَا لِي أَنْ أَزْرَعَ فِيهَا مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَشَعِيرٍ وَسَمَاسِمَ وَأُرْزٍ وَأَقْطَانٍ وَرِطَابٍ وَبَاقِلاَّ وَحِمَّصٍ وَلُوبِيَا وَعَدَسٍ وَمَقَاثِي وَمَبَاطِيخَ وَجَزَرٍ وَشَلْجَمٍ وَفِجْلٍ وَبَصَلٍ وَثُومٍ وَبُقُولٍ وَرَيَاحِينَ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْغَلاَّتِ شِتَاءً وَصَيْفًا بِبُذُورِكَ وَبَذْرِكَ وَجَمِيعُهُ عَلَيْكَ دُونِي عَلَى أَنْ أَتَوَلَّى ذَلِكَ بِيَدِي وَبِمَنْ أَرَدْتُ مِنْ أَعْوَانِي وَأُجَرَائِي وَبَقَرِي وَأَدَوَاتِي وَإِلَى زِرَاعَةِ ذَلِكَ وَعِمَارَتِهِ وَالْعَمَلِ بِمَا فِيهِ نَمَاؤُهُ وَمَصْلَحَتُهُ وَكِرَابُ أَرْضِهِ وَتَنْقِيَةُ حَشِيشِهَا وَسَقْىِ مَا يُحْتَاجُ إِلَى سَقْيِهِ مِمَّا زُرِعَ وَتَسْمِيدِ مَا يُحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَسْمِيدِهِ وَحَفْرِ سَوَاقِيهِ وَأَنْهَارِهِ وَاجْتِنَاءِ مَا يُجْتَنَى مِنْهُ وَالْقِيَامِ بِحَصَادِ مَا يُحْصَدُ مِنْهُ وَجَمْعِهِ وَدِيَاسَةِ مَا يُدَاسُ مِنْهُ وَتَذْرِيَتِهِ بِنَفَقَتِكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ دُونِي وَأَعْمَلَ فِيهِ كُلِّهِ بِيَدِي وَأَعْوَانِي دُونَكَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ مَا يُخْرِجُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ فِي هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ الْمَوْصُوفَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا فَلَكَ ثَلاَثَةُ أَرْبَاعِهِ بِحَظِّ أَرْضِكَ وَشِرْبِكَ وَبَذْرِكَ وَنَفَقَاتِكَ وَلِيَ الرُّبُعُ الْبَاقِي مِنْ جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ بِزِرَاعَتِي وَعَمَلِي وَقِيَامِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِيَدِي وَأَعْوَانِي وَدَفَعْتَ إِلَىَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ هَذِهِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ بِجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهَا وَمَرَافِقِهَا وَقَبَضْتُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ مِنْكَ يَوْمَ كَذَا مِنْ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا فَصَارَ جَمِيعُ ذَلِكَ فِي يَدِي لَكَ لاَ مِلْكَ لِي فِي شَىْءٍ مِنْهُ وَلاَ دَعْوَى وَلاَ طَلِبَةَ إِلاَّ هَذِهِ الْمُزَارَعَةَ الْمَوْصُوفَةَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ الْمُسَمَّاةِ فِيهِ فَإِذَا انْقَضَتْ فَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ مَرْدُودٌ إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى يَدِكَ وَلَكَ أَنْ تُخْرِجَنِي بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهَا مِنْهَا وَتُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ يَدِي وَيَدِ كُلِّ مَنْ صَارَتْ لَهُ فِيهَا يَدٌ بِسَبَبِي أَقَرَّ فُلاَنٌ وَفُلاَنٌ وَكُتِبَ هَذَا الْكِتَابُ نُسْخَتَيْنِ‏.

Zaid bin Thabit رضی اللہ عنہ said: 'May Allah forgive Rafi' bin Khadij رضی اللہ عنہ . By Allah, I have more knowledge of the Hadith than him. We were two men who fought and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If this is how it is between you, then do not lease land. And he only heard the words: Do not lease land.' Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa'i) said: (this is an example of) A sharecropping contract based on the condition that the seeds and expenses be provided by the owner of the land, and the share cropper will have one-quarter of whatever Allah brings forth from the land: This contract was written by so and so the son of so and so the son of so and so, while he is still in good health, and in full control of his wealth. (It is addressed to) so and so the son of so and so; stating that you will give me all of your land that is situated in such and such location, in such and such city, to cultivate it on the basis of sharecropping. This is the (piece of) land that is known as such and such, defined by four boundaries that enclose the entire area (he defines the four boundaries). You have given to me all of the land defined in this contract, within the boundaries specified, and everything in it, water, rivers and streams, uncultivated, empty land with no crops planted therein, for a complete year, starting at the beginning of such and such month of such and such year, and ending at the end of such and such month of such and such year, on the basis that I will cultivate all of the land specified in this contract, the location of which is described herein, in the year described herein, from beginning to end. I may cultivate anything I want and see fit of wheat, barley, sesame, rice, cotton, fresh dates, herbs, chickpeas, beans, lentils, cucumbers, melons, carrots, radishes, onions, garlic, and any other kind of winter or summer produce, using your seeds which are all to be provided by you and not by me, on the basis that I will do the work myself, or with whomever I want of my helpers, and hired workers, my oxen, and my tools, and equipment. I will cultivate it and take care of it so that it will grow well and yield the best produce, plowing the land and clearing it of brush, supplying water and manure to those crops that need them, digging irrigation ditches, picking whatever needs to be picked, harvesting whatever needs to be harvested, gathering it, threshing and winnowing what needs to be threshed and winnowed. All of that will be done at your expense and not mine, and it will be done by me and my helpers, and not by you. From all that Allah brings forth from all of that, during the period specified in this contract, from beginning to end, you will have three quarters in return for you land, your water, your seeds and your spending, and I will have the remaining quarter of all that in return for my cultivation and labor, done by myself and my helpers. You have given me all the land of yours defined in this contract, with all its rights and facilities, and I have accepted all of that from you on such and such a day in such and such a month, of such-and such a year. All of that has come under my control, but I do not own any of it, and I have no claim to any of it except this sharecropping as described in this contract, during the year described therein. Once that time ends, then it all reverts to you and to your control, and you have the right to expel me from it when that year is over, and to take it out of my control, and out of the control of anyone who had anything to do with it because of me. Signed by so and so and so and so. Two copies were made of this contract.

It was narrated that 'Urwah bin Az-Zubair said

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْبَأَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ،‏‏‏‏ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ الْأَرْضُ عِنْدِي مِثْلُ مَالِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ فَمَا صَلُحَ فِي مَالِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ صَلُحَ فِي الْأَرْضِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمَا لَمْ يَصْلُحْ فِي مَالِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ لَمْ يَصْلُحْ فِي الْأَرْضِ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَكَانَ لَا يَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يَدْفَعَ أَرْضَهُ إِلَى الْأَكَّارِ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلَ فِيهَا بِنَفْسِهِ،‏‏‏‏ وَوَلَدِهِ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَعْوَانِهِ،‏‏‏‏ وَبَقَرِهِ،‏‏‏‏ وَلَا يُنْفِقَ شَيْئًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَتَكُونَ النَّفَقَةُ كُلُّهَا مِنْ رَبِّ الْأَرْضِ.

Muhammad used to say: 'In my view land is like the wealth put into a Mudarabah (limited partnership) contract. Whatever is valid with regard to the wealth put into a Mudarabah partnership, is valid with regard to land, and whatever is not valid with regard to the wealth put into a Mudarabah partnership, then it is not valid with regard to land.' He said: He did not see anything wrong with giving all of his land to the plowman on the basis that he would work with it himself, or with his children, and helpers, and oxen, and, that he would not spend anything on it; all expenses were to be paid by the owner of the land.

Ibn 'Awn said

أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا:‏‏‏‏ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَفَعَ إِلَى يَهُودِ خَيْبَرَ نَخْلَ خَيْبَرَ وَأَرْضَهَا عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلُوهَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَطْرَ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا .

The Prophet ﷺ gave the date palms of Khaibar and their land to the Jews of Khaibar, on condition that they would take care of them at their expense, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would have half of whatever they produced.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ اللَّيْثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ دَفَعَ إِلَى يَهُودِ خَيْبَرَ نَخْلَ خَيْبَرَ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَرْضَهَا عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلُوهَا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ،‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَطْرَ ثَمَرَتِهَا .

The Prophet ﷺ gave the datepalms of Khaibar and their land to the Jews of Khaibar on condition that they would take care of them at their expense, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would have half of their fruits.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar رضی اللہ عنہما that