What is Riyad us-Salihin Chapter 1 about?

Read Riyad us-Salihin, Chapter 1: The Book of Miscellany. This chapter contains 726 source records; you are reading page 6. Open a narration to see its permanent reference, available translations and source information.

Collection history and compiler biographySources and methodology

العاشر‏:‏ عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏ بينما رجل يمشى بطريق اشتد عليه العطش، فوجد بئراً فنزل فيها فشرب، ثم خرج فإذا كلب يلهث يأكل الثرى من العطش، فقال الرجل‏:‏ لقد بلغ هذا الكلب من العطش مثل الذي كان قد بلغ منى، فنزل البئر فملأ خفه ماء ثم أمسكه بفيه، حتى رقي فسقى الكلب، فشكر الله له فغفر له‏"‏ قالوا ‏:‏ يارسول الله إن لنا في البهائم أجراً‏؟‏ فقال‏:‏ في كل كبدٍ رطبة أجر‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "While a man was walking on his way he became extremely thirsty. He found a well, he went down into it to drink water. Upon leaving it, he saw a dog which was panting out of thirst. His tongue was lolling out and he was eating moist earth from extreme thirst. The man thought to himself: 'This dog is extremely thirsty as I was.' So he descended into the well, filled up his leather sock with water, and holding it in his teeth, climbed up and quenched the thirst of the dog. Allah appreciated his action and forgave his sins". The Companions asked: "Shall we be rewarded for showing kindness to the animals also?" He (ﷺ) said, "A reward is given in connection with every living creature". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]. In the narration of Al-Bukhari, the Prophet (ﷺ) is reported to have said: "Allah forgave him in appreciation of this act and admitted him to Jannah". Another narration says: "Once a dog was going round the well and was about to die out of thirst. A prostitute of Banu Israel happened to see it. So she took off her leather sock and lowered it into the well. She drew out some water and gave the dog to drink. She was forgiven on account of her action".

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

الحادي عشر‏:‏ عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ لقد رأيت رجلا يتقلب في الجنة في شجرة قطعها من ظهر الطريق كانت تؤذى المسلمين‏"‏‏.‏‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏ ‏ مر رجل بغصن شجرة على ظهر طريق فقال‏:‏ والله لأنحين هذا عن المسلمين لا يؤذيهم، فأدخل الجنة‏ ‏‏.‏ وفي رواية لهما‏:‏ ‏ ‏ بينما رجل يمشى بطريق وجد غصن شوك على الطريق، فأخره فشكره الله له، فغفر له‏ .‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I saw a man going about in Jannah (and enjoying himself) as a reward for cutting from the middle of the road, a tree which was causing inconvenience to the Muslims". [Muslim]. Another narration says: "A man who passed by a branch of a tree leaning over a road and decided to remove it, saying to himself, 'By Allah! I will remove from the way of Muslims so that it would not harm them.' On account of this he was admitted to Jannah". According to the narration in Al-Bukhari and Muslim: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "While a man was walking, he saw a thorny branch on the road, so he removed it and Allah appreciated his action and forgave him".

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

الثاني عشر‏:‏ عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏ من توضأ فأحسن الوضوء، ثم أتى الجمعة، فاستمع وأنصت، غفر له ما بينه وبين الجمعة وزيادة ثلاثة أيام، ومن مس الحصا فقد لغا‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "He who performs his Wudu' perfectly and comes to Jumu'ah prayer and listens (to the Khutbah) silently, the sins which he has committed since the previous Friday plus three more days (i.e., 10 days) will be forgiven for him. One who distracts himself with pebbles during the Khutbah will not get the (Jumu'ah) reward". [Muslim].

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

الثالث عشر‏:‏ عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ إذا توضأ العبد المسلم، أو المؤمن فغسل وجهه خرج من وجهه كل خطيئة نظر إليها بعينيه مع الماء، أو آخر قطر الماء، فإذا غسل رجليه خرجت كل خطيئة مشتها رجلاه مع الماء أو مع آخر قطر الماء حتى يخرج نقياً من الذنوب‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When a Muslim or a believer washes his face (in the course of Wudu'), every sin he has committed with his eyes is washed away from his face along with water, or with the last drop of water; when he washes his hands, every sin they wrought is erased from his hands with the water, or with the last drop of water; and when he washes his feet, every sin towards which his feet walked is washed away with water, or with the last drop of water, with the result that he comes out cleansed of all sins". [Muslim].

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

الرابع عشر‏:‏ عنه عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ الصلوات الخمس، والجمعة إلى الجمعة، ورمضان إلى رمضان مكفرات لما بينهن إذا اجتنبت الكبائر‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The five (daily) Salat (prayers), and from one Jumu'ah prayer to the (next) Jumu'ah prayer, and from Ramadan to Ramadan are expiations for the (sins) committed in between (their intervals); provided the major sins are not committed". [Muslim].

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

الخامس عشر‏:‏ عنه قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏ ألا أدلكم على ما يمحو الله به الخطايا، ويرفع به الدرجات‏؟‏‏"‏ قالوا‏:‏ بلى يا رسول الله، قال‏:‏ ‏"‏ إسباغ الوضوء على المكاره، وكثرة الخطا إلى المساجد، وانتظار الصلاة بعد الصلاة، فذلكم الرباط‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Should I not direct you to something by which Allah obliterates the sins and elevates (your) ranks." They said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah". He said, "Performing Wudu' properly, even in difficulty, frequently going to the mosque, and waiting eagerly for the next Salat (prayer) after a Salat is over; indeed, that is Ar- Ribat". [Muslim].

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 123
Al-Bukhari and Muslim

السادس عشر‏:‏ عن أبي موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏ من صلى البردين دخل الجنة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "He who observes the Fajr and 'Asr (prayers) will enter Jannah." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

— Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 133
Al-Bukhari

السابع عشر‏:‏ عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏:‏‏ "‏ إذا مرض العبد أو سافر كتب له مثل ما كان يعمل مقيماً صحيحاً‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When a slave of Allah suffers from illness or sets on a journey, he is credited with the equal of whatever good works he used to do when he was healthy or at home". [Al-Bukhari].

— Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (May Allah be pleased with him)

الثامن عشر‏:‏ عن جابر رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏ كل معروف صدقة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه البخاري، ورواه مسلم من رواية حذيفة رضي الله عنه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, "Every good deed is charity". [Al-Bukhari]. Muslim has reported the same on the authority of Hudhaifah (May Allah be pleased with him).

— Unknown

التاسع عشر‏:‏ عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏ ما من مسلم يغرس غرساً إلا كان ما أكل منه له صدقة، وما سرق منه له صدقة، ولا يرزؤه أحد إلا كان له صدقة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏.‏ ‏)‏‏)‏ وفي رواية له‏:‏ ‏"‏ فلا يغرس المسلم غرساً، فيأكل منه إنسان ولا دابة ولا طير إلا كان له صدقة إلى يوم القيامة‏"‏‏.‏ وفي رواية له‏:‏ ‏"‏ لا يغرس مسلم غرساً، ولا يزرع زرعاً، فيأكل منه إنسان ولا دابة ولا شىء إلا كانت له صدقة‏"‏ وروياه جميعاً من رواية أنس رضي الله عنه‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When a Muslim plants a tree, whatever is eaten from it is charity from him and whatever is stolen is charity and whatever is subtracted from it is charity". [Muslim]. Another narration says: "If a Muslim plants a tree, or sows a field and men and beasts and birds eat from it, all of it is charity from him".

— Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him)

العشرون‏:‏ عنه قال‏:‏ أراد بنو سلمة أن ينقلوا قرب المسجد فبلغ ذلك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال لهم‏:‏ ‏"‏ إنه قد بلغني أنكم تريدون أن تنتقلوا قرب المسجد‏؟‏‏"‏ فقالوا‏:‏ نعم يارسول الله قد أردنا ذلك، فقال‏:‏‏"‏بني سلمة دياركم؛ تكتب آثاركم ‎، دياركم، تكتب آثاركم‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

The tribe Banu Salimah wanted to move nearer to the mosque. On learning this Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to them, "I heard that you intend to move nearer to the mosque". They said, "That is so, O Messenger of Allah, we do want to do that". He said, "O Banu Salimah, keep to your homes, your steps (to the mosque) are recorded". [Muslim]. Another narration says: "There is for every step (towards the mosque) a degree (of reward) for you". [Muslim].

— Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him)

الحادي والعشرون‏:‏ عن أبي المنذر أبي بن كعب رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ كان رجل لا أعلم رجلاً أبعد من المسجد منه، وكان لا تخطئه صلاة فقيل له، أو فقلت له‏:‏ لو اشتريت حماراً تركبه في الظلماء، وفي الرمضاء، فقال‏:‏ ما يسرني أن منزلي إلى جنب المسجد، إني أريد أن يكتب لي ممشاي إلى المسجد، ورجوعي إذا رجعت إلى أهلي، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏قد جمع الله لك ذلك كله‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

There was a man, and I do not know of any other man whose house was farther than his from the mosque, and he never missed Salat (in congregation). It was said to him (or I said to him): "If you buy a donkey you could ride it in the dark nights and in the burning sand." He said: "I do not like my house to be by the side of the mosque, for I (eagerly) desire that my steps towards the mosque and back from it should be recorded when I return to my family." Upon this Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Allah has granted you all the rewards for you". [Muslim]. Another narration says: "You will get the reward for what you have anticipated".

— Ubayy bin Ka'b (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 138
Al-Bukhari

الثاني والعشرون‏:‏ عن أبي محمد عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏أربعون خصلة أعلاها منيحة العنز، ما من عامل يعمل بخصلة منها رجاء ثوابها وتصديق موعودها إلا أدخله الله بها الجنة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "There are forty kinds of virtue; the uppermost of them is to lend a (milch) she-goat (to someone in order to benefit from it and then return it). He who practices any of these virtues expecting its reward and relying on the truthfulness of the promise made for it, shall enter Jannah." [Al-Bukhari].

— Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'as (May Allah be pleased with them)

الثالث والعشرون‏:‏ عن عدي بن حاتم رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ سمعت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول‏:‏ ‏"‏ اتقوا النار ولو بشق تمرةٍ‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏ وفي رواية لهما عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏ ما منكم من أحد إلا سيكلمه ربه ليس بينه وبينه ترجمان فينظر أيمن منه فلا يرى إلا ما قدم، وينظر أشأم منه فلا يرى إلا ما قدم، ينظر بين يديه فلا يرى إلا النار تلقاء وجهه، فاتقوا النار ولو بشق تمرة، فمن لم يجد فبكلمة طيبةٍ‏"‏‏.‏

I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "Protect yourself from (Hell) Fire, by giving of half of a date (in charity)". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]. In another narration 'Adi bin Hatim (May Allah be pleased with him) reported Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: "Allah will surely speak with everyone of you without an interpreter. He (the man) will look at his right side and will see nothing but (the deeds) which he had done before, and he will look to his left side and will see nothing but (the deeds) which he had done before. Then he will look in front of him and will find nothing but Hell-fire facing him. So protect (yourselves) from (Hell) Fire, by giving in charity even half a date; and if he does not finds it, then with a kind word".

— 'Adi bin Hatim (May Allah be pleased with him)

الرابع والعشرون‏:‏ عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏ "‏إن الله ليرضى عن العبد أن يأكل الأكلة فيحمده عليها ، أو يشرب الشربة فيحمده عليها‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Allah will be pleased with His slave who praises Him (i.e., says Al-hamdu lillah) when he eats and praises Him when he drinks". [Muslim].

— Anas (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 141
Al-Bukhari and Muslim

الخامس والعشرون‏:‏ عن أبي موس رضي الله عنه ، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏على كل مسلم صدقة‏"‏ قال ‏:‏ أرأيت إن لم يجد‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ أرأيت إن لم يستطع‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏يعين ذا الحاجة الملهوف‏"‏ قال‏:‏ أرأيت إن لم يستطع‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏يأمر بالمعروف أو الخير‏"‏ قال ‏:‏ أرأيت إن لم يفعل‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ يمسك عن الشر فإنها صدقة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Giving in charity is an obligation upon every Muslim". It was said (to him): "What about one who does not find (the means) to do so?" He (ﷺ) said, "Let him work with his hands, thus doing benefit to himself and give in charity." It was said to him: "What if he does not have (the means) to do so?" He (ﷺ) said, "Then let him assist the needy, the aggrieved." It was said: "What about if he cannot even do this?" He (ﷺ) said, "Then he should enjoin good." He was asked: "What if he cannot do that?" He (the Prophet (ﷺ)) said, "He should then abstain from evil, for verily, that is a charity from him". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

— Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (May Allah be pleased with him)

باب في الاقتصاد في العبادة Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (ﷺ) came in when a woman was sitting beside me. He asked me, "Who is she?" I said: "She is the one whose performance of Salat (prayer) has become the talk of the town." Addressing her, he (ﷺ) said, "(What is this!) You are required to take upon yourselves only what you can carry out easily. By Allah, Allah does not withhold His Mercy and forgiveness of you until you neglect and give up (good works). Allah likes the deeds best which a worshipper can carry out constantly". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]. - وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل عليها وعندها امرأة قال‏:‏ من هذه‏؟‏ قالت‏:‏ هذه فلانة تذكر من صلاتها قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ مه عليكم بما تطيقون، فوالله لا يمل الله حتى تملوا‏"‏ وكان أحب الدين إليه ما داوم صاحبه عليه‏.‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏

(14) Chapter: Moderation in Worship (14) -

— Unknown

Hadith 143
Al-Bukhari and Muslim

وعن أنس رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ جاء ثلاثة رهط إلى بيوت أزواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، يسألون عن عبادة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فلما أخبروا كأنهم تقالوها وقالوا‏:‏ أين نحن من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قد غفر الله له تقدم من ذنبه وما تأخر‏.‏ قال أحدهم‏:‏ أما أنا فأصلي الليل أبداً وقال الآخر‏:‏ وأنا أصوم الدهر أبداً ولا أفطر، وقال الآخر‏:‏ وأنا أعتزل النساء فلا أتزوج أبداً، فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إليهم فقال‏:‏ ‏ "‏أنتم الذين قلتم كذا وكذا‏؟‏‏!‏ أما والله إني لأخشاكم لله وأتقاكم له لكني أصوم وأفطر، وأصلي وأرقد، وأتزوج النساء، فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏

Three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) to inquire about the worship of the Prophet (ﷺ). When they were informed, they considered their worship insignificant and said: "Where are we in comparison with the Prophet (ﷺ) while Allah has forgiven his past sins and future sins". One of them said: "As for me, I shall offer Salat all night long." Another said: "I shall observe Saum (fasting) continuously and shall not break it". Another said: "I shall abstain from women and shall never marry". The Prophet (ﷺ) came to them and said, "Are you the people who said such and such things? By Allah, I fear Allah more than you do, and I am most obedient and dutiful among you to Him, but still I observe fast and break it; perform Salat and sleep at night and take wives. So whoever turns away from my Sunnah does not belong to me". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

— Anas (May Allah be pleased with him)

وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏هلك المتنطعون‏"‏ قالها ثلاثاً ‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Ruined are those who insist on hardship in matters of the Faith." He repeated this three times. [Muslim]

— Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 145
Al-Bukhari

عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ إن الدين يسر، ولن يشاد الدين إلا غلبه، فسددوا وقاربوا وأبشروا، واستعينوا بالغدوة والروحة وشيء من الدلجة‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية له ‏:‏ ‏ ‏سددوا وقاربوا واغدوا وروحوا، وشيء من الدلجة، القصد القصد تبلغوا‏ ‏‏.‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The religion (of Islam) is easy, and whoever makes the religion a rigour, it will overpower him. So, follow a middle course (in worship); if you can't do this, do something near to it and give glad tidings and seek help (of Allah) at morn and at dusk and some part of night". [Al-Bukhari].

— Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 146
Al-Bukhari and Muslim

وعن أنس رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ دخل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المسجد فإذا حبل ممدود بين الساريتين فقال‏:‏ ‏"‏ما هذا الحبل‏"‏ قالوا ‏:‏ هذا حبل لزينب، فإذا فترت تعلقت به‏.‏ فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ حلوه، ليصل أحدكم نشاطه فإذا فتر فليرقد‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) came into the mosque and noticed a rope stretched between two poles. He enquired, "What is this rope for?" He was told: "This is Zainab's rope. When during her voluntary prayer, she begins to feel tired, she grasps it for support". The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Untie it. You should perform prayers so long as you feel active. When you feel tired, you should go to sleep". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

— Anas (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 147
Al-Bukhari and Muslim

وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏ إذا نعس أحدكم وهو يصلي، فليرقد حتى يذهب عنه النوم، فإن أحدكم إذا صلى وهو ناعس لا يدري لعله يذهب ويستغفر فيسب نفسه‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏ ‏.‏

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When one of you feels drowsy during prayer, let him lie down till drowsiness goes away from him, because when one of you performs prayers while feeling sleepy, he does not know whether he seeks forgiveness or abuses himself". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

— 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her)

وعن أبي عبد الله جابر بن سمرة رضي الله عنهما قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏كنت أصلى مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم الصلوات، فكانت صلاته قصداً وخطبته قصداً‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

I used to perform prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and his Salat was of a moderate length and his Khutbah too was moderate in length. [Muslim].

— Jabir bin Samurah (May Allah be pleased with him)

Hadith 149
Al- Bukhari

وعن أبي جحيفة وهب بن عبد الله رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ آخى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بين سلمان وأبى الدرداء ، فزار سلمان أبا الدرداء، فرأى أم الدرداء متبذلة فقال‏:‏ ما شأنك قالت‏:‏ أخوك أبو الدرداء ليس له حاجة في الدنيا، فجاء أبو الدراداء فصنع له طعاماً، فقال له‏:‏ كل فإنى صائم، قال‏:‏ ما أنا بآكل حتى تأكل، فأكل، فلما كان الليل ذهب أبو الدرداء يقوم فقال له‏:‏ نم، فنام، ثم ذهب يقوم فقال له ‏:‏ نم، فلما كان من آخر الليل قال سلمان‏:‏ قم الآن‏:‏ فصليا جميعاً، فقال له سلمان‏:‏ إن لربك عليك حقاً، وإن لنفسك عليك حقاً، ولأهلك عليك حقاً، فأعط كل ذى حق حقه، فأتى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فذكر ذلك له، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏صدق سلمان‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) made a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abud-Darda'. Salman paid a visit to Abud-Darda' and found Umm Darda' (his wife) dressed in shabby clothes and asked her why she was in that state. She replied: "Your brother Abud-Darda' is not interested in (the luxuries of) this world. In the meantime Abud-Darda' came in and prepared a meal for Salman. Salman requested Abud-Darda' to eat (with him) but Abud-Darda' said: "I am fasting." Salman said: "I am not going to eat unless you eat." So, Abud-Darda' ate (with Salman). When it was night and (a part of the night passed), Abud-Darda' got up (to offer the night prayer) but Salman asked him to sleep and Abud-Darda' slept. After some time Abud-Darda' again got up but Salman asked him to sleep. When it was the last hours of the night, Salman asked him to get up and both of them offered (Tahajjud) prayer. Then Salman told Abud-Darda': "You owe a duty to your Rubb, you owe a duty to your body; you owe a duty to your family; so you should give to every one his due. Abud-Darda' came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and reported the whole story. Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Salman is right". [Al- Bukhari].

— Abu Juhaifah (May Allah be pleased with him)

وعن أبي محمد عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما قال‏:‏ أخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أني أقول‏:‏ والله لأصومن النهار، ولأقومن الليل ماعشت، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏:‏ أنت الذي تقول ذلك‏؟‏ فقلت له‏:‏ قد قلته بأبى أنت وأمى يا رسول الله‏.‏ قال‏:‏‏"‏فإنك لا تستطيع ذلك؛ فصم وأفطر، ونم وقم، وصم من الشهر ثلاثة أيام فإن الحسنة بعشر أمثالها، وذلك مثل صيام الدهر‏"‏ قلت‏:‏ فإنى أطيق أفضل من ذلك قال‏:‏ فصم يوما وأفطر يومين، قلت‏:‏ فإنى أطيق أفضل من ذلك، قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فصم يوماً وأفطر يوماً، فذلك صيام داود صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهو أعدل الصيام‏"‏‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏وهو أفضل الصيام‏"‏ فقلت ‏:‏ فإني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏.‏ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏ لا أفضل من ذلك‏"‏ ولأن أكون قبلت الثلاثة الأيام التي قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أحب إلي من أهلي وما لي‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏ألم أخبر أنك تصوم النهار وتقوم الليل‏؟‏‏"‏ قلت ‏:‏ بلى يا رسول الله قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فلا تفعل‏:‏ صم وأفطر ، ونم وقم فإن لجسدك عليك حقاً، وإن لعينيك عليك حقاً، وإن لزوجك عليك حقاً، وإن لزورك عليك حقاً، وإن بحسبك أن تصوم في كل شهر ثلاثة أيام ، فإن لك بكل حسنة عشر أمثالها، فإن ذلك صيام الدهر‏"‏ فشددت فشدد علي، قلت‏:‏ يا رسول الله إني أجد قوة، قال‏:‏ ‏"‏صم صيام نبي الله داود ولا تزد عليه‏"‏ قلت‏:‏ وما كان صيام داود‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏نصف الدهر‏"‏ فكان عبد الله يقول بعدما كبر‏:‏ يا ليتني قبلت رخصة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏ ألم أخبر أنك تصوم الدهر، وتقرأ القرآن كل ليلةٍ‏؟‏‍‍‍‍‍‍‏"‏ فقلت‏:‏ بلى يا رسول الله، ولم أرد بذلك إلا الخير قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فصم صوم نبي الله داود، فإنه كان أعبد الناس، واقرأِ القرآن كل شهرٍ‏"‏ قلت‏:‏ يا نبي الله إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فاقرأه في كل عشرين‏"‏ قلت‏:‏ يا نبي الله إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فاقرأه في كل عشر‏"‏ قلت يا نبي الله إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ ‏"‏فاقرأه في كل سبع ولا تزد على ذلك‏"‏‏.‏ فشددت فشدد علي ، وقال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏إنك لا تدري لعلك يطول بك عمر‏"‏ قال‏:‏ فصرت إلى الذي قال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فلما كبرت وددت أني كنت قبلت رخصة نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏ وإن لولدك عليك حقاً‏"‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏ لا صام من صام الأبد‏"‏ ثلاثاً‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ ‏"‏أحب الصيام إلى الله تعالى صيام داود، وأحب الصلاة إلى الله تعالى صلاة داود‏:‏ كان ينام نصف الليل، ويقوم ثلثه، وينام سدسه، وكان يصوم يوما ويفطر يوماً، ولا يفر إذا لاقى‏"‏‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ أنكحني أبي امرأة ذات حسب، وكان يتعاهد كنته-أي ‏:‏ امرأة ولده- فيسألها عن بعلها، فتقول له ‏:‏ نعم الرجل من رجل لم ييطأ لنا فراشاً ولم يفتش لنا كنفاً منذ أتيناه‏.‏ فلما طال ذلك عليه ذكر ذلك للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ فقال‏:‏ ‏"‏القنى به‏"‏ فلقيته بعد ذلك فقال‏:‏ ‏"‏كيف تصوم‏؟‏‏"‏ قلت كل يوم، قال‏:‏ ‏"‏وكيف تختم‏؟‏‏"‏ قلت‏:‏ كل ليلةٍ، وذكر نحون ما سبق ، وكان يقرأ على بعض أهله السبع الذي يقرؤه، يعرضه من النهار ليكون أخف عليه بالليل، وإذا أراد أن يتقوى أفطر أياماً وأحصى وصام مثلهن كراهية أن يترك شيئاً فارق عليه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ كل هذه الروايات صحيحة معظمها في الصحيحين وقليل منها في أحدهما‏.‏ ‏.‏

The Prophet (ﷺ) was informed that I said that I would perform prayers the whole night and observe fasting every day as long as I live. Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Is it you who said this?" I said to him, "O Messenger of Allah! I ransom you with my parents, it is I who said that." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "You will not be able to do that. Observe fast and break it; sleep and get up for prayer, and observe fast for three days during the month; for every good is multiplied ten times and that will be equal to fasting the whole year." I said, "O Messenger of Allah! I can do more than that." He said, "Observe fast one day and leave off the next two days." I said, "O Messenger of Allah! I have strength to do more than that." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Observe fast every other day, and that is the fasting of Dawud (ﷺ) and that is the most moderate fasting". According to another narration: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "That is the best fasting." I said, "But I am capable of doing more than this". Thereupon, Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "There is nothing better than this." 'Abdullah bin 'Amr (May Allah be pleased with them) said (when he grew old): "Had I accepted the three days (fasting during every month) as the Messenger of Allah had said, it would have been dearer to me than my family and my property". In another narration 'Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me, "O 'Abdullah! Have I not been informed that you observe fast during the day and offer prayer all the night." I replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah!" Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Don't do that. Observe fast for few days and then leave off for few days, perform prayers and also sleep at night, as your body has a right upon you, and your eyes have a right upon you; and your wife has a right upon you; your visitors have a right upon you. It is sufficient for you to observe fast three days in a month, as the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times, so it will be like fasting the whole year." I insisted (on fasting) and so I was given a hard instruction. I said, "O Messenger of Allah! I have strength." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Observe fast like the fasting of Prophet Dawud (ﷺ); and do not fast more than that." I said: "How was the fasting of Prophet Dawud?" He (ﷺ) said, "Half of the year (i.e., he used to fast on every alternate day)." Afterwards when 'Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) grew old, he used to say: "Would that I had availed myself of the concession granted to me by Messenger of Allah." In another narration 'Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "I have been informed that you observe fast continuously and recite (the whole of the Qur'an) every night." I said, "Messenger of Allah! It is right, but I covet thereby nothing but good," whereupon he (ﷺ) said, "Then observe fasts like the fasting of Prophet Dawud (ﷺ) as he was the most ardent worshipper of Allah; recite the Qur'an once every month." I said, "O Prophet of Allah! I am capable of doing more than that." He said, "Then recite it (the complete Qur'an) in every twenty days." I said, "O Prophet of Allah I am capable of reciting more than that." He said, "Then recite it once in every ten days." I said, "O Prophet of Allah! I am capable of reciting more than that." He said, "Then recite it once in every seven days, but not recite more than that." The Prophet of Allah also said to me, "You do not know, you may have a longer life". When I grew old I wished I had availed myself of the concession (granted to me by) the Prophet of Allah. In another narration 'Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The best fasting with Allah is that of (Prophet) Dawud, and the best prayer with Allah is that of Dawud (ﷺ) for he would sleep half of the night and stand for prayer for the third of it and (then) would sleep sixth part of it; he observed fast one day and leave off the other. He would not flee on meeting the enemy". In another narration 'Abdullah is reported to have said: My father helped me marry a noble woman and he used to inquire of his daughter-in-law regarding her husband. She would say: "He is, indeed, a fine man. Since I have come to him, he has neither stepped on my bed nor he has had sexual intercourse with me". When this state of affairs lasted for some time, my father mentioned the matter to Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who directed my father saying, "Send him to me". I went to him accordingly. He asked me, "How often do you observe fast?" I replied; "Daily". He asked me, "How long do you take in reading the Noble Qur'an completely." I said, "Once every night". Then he narrated the whole story. He (in his old age) would recite one seventh of his nightly recitation to some members of his family during the day to lighten his task at night. Whenever he wished to have a relief from his fast on alternate days, he would give up fasting for a few days and make up deficiency later by observing the number of fasts he had missed. He would not give up the number of fasts altogether because he did not like to abandon what he had settled with Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).

— 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'as (May Allah be pleased with them)